Sole Trader vs Limited Company Calculator

Estimates only. Applies England, Wales & Northern Ireland income tax rates — Scottish taxpayers have different earned-income rates. Assumes no pension contributions, no VAT, and full dividend extraction each year. Sole trader: Income Tax + Class 4 NI on profits; Class 2 NI is £0 above the Small Profits Threshold and voluntary-only below it. Limited company: employer/employee NI on salary, Corporation Tax at 19–25% (marginal relief applied; limits reduced for associated companies or short accounting periods), dividend tax on remaining profits after CT. Does not account for accountancy fees, Employment Allowance, IR35, Making Tax Digital obligations, or other personal circumstances. Always consult a qualified accountant.